Connection to family, community, country, language and culture, Early childhood development, education and youth, Interaction with government systems and services.
For instance, Hardin [71] suggested that when culture is acknowledged as the most important factor to changing health behaviour, health practitioners inadvertently reproduce structural inequalities in their encounters with clients. It’s kinship. They put their families first; it’s cultural. Yes However, the unrelenting discrimination within the broader Australian community appeared to act as a moderating force that potentially undermined the empowering effects of the culture. Racism was sometimes a barrier to accessing healthy choices or health education. In addition, the potential for misinterpreting the data was minimised by an iterative, constant comparison method, combined with member checking and advice from the advisory group and a forum of experts, who were experienced professionals within health promotion (as per, [52,56]).
(P26: Indigenous female, regional), You want to come back home and see where they live. Discover why ANU is the right choice for you. According to Vos et al. (P8: non-Indigenous female, all regions), They’re not going to start trusting a government organisation, when they’ve lost trust in them because of historical events. ANU has a huge variety of support services, programs and activities to enhance your student experience.
Indigenous people were forced to live in missions and on reserves where freedom to hunt, socialise with relatives, practice traditional ceremonies, and marry were restricted [24]. In light of the substantial obligations to family and community and their impact upon individuals’ attitudes and resources, the participants thought that it may be difficult for a single individual to change their health behaviour without the wider community implementing similar changes. [19] also noted the importance of cultural identity (Aboriginal identity) in social network formation, and the role social networks play in perpetuating smoking behaviour. Interactions with family and the kinship network were considered to have substantial influence upon individuals’ health behaviour. This was primarily facilitated by the emphasis that was placed on social connections /networks by the culture.
In particular, the data suggests that distrust created by historical and contemporary racism may impede any health and broader assistance that might be gained from non-Indigenous sources. CRICOS Provider : 00120C Gilson (2003) suggested that trust is affected by past encounters, either between people or people and organisations. Between one-third and one-half of the health gap between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and non-Indigenous people is attributable to differences in social determinants of health (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework 2014).
Yes The findings in this study suggest that distrust may create a communication barrier with regards to promoting health behaviour to Indigenous Australians. However, research indicates that factors beyond the choice/control of the individual may influence Indigenous Australians’ health behaviour [14,15]. A lot of obligation to their family…aunty or grandma or a child and his or her partner and their kids and whoever else is transient at that time that’s come to stay. In light of the association between health risk behaviour and health outcomes, reducing health risk behaviour among Indigenous Australians may improve their health outcomes. For instance, in some circumstances, the social disruption associated with historical events appears to promote health risk behaviours [16–19].
These factors are called the ‘determinants of health’, and they can be barriers or enablers to health and wellbeing. (P29: non-Indigenous female, metro).
The links to social causes are even clearer when looking at premature death due to injury, poisoning and suicide. Culture, social networks, history, racism, socioeconomic disadvantage, and the psychological distress associated with some of these factors were thought to affect the health behaviour of the Indigenous community members supported by the participants involved in this study. Due to the qualitative nature of the study, the findings cannot be generalised beyond the study sample. Yes Australian Awards for University Teaching, ANU Undergraduate - Domestic applications, 11-09 - Update from the COVID Response Office », Feeling anxious about going out into the COVID world?
It also points to the necessity for Indigenous community coalition driven efforts to improve health behaviour as a way of reducing inequities and empowering communities [74]. While Indigenous perspectives were obtained in the current study, future research should prioritise the perspectives of a larger and more geographically diverse sample comprised of only Indigenous people in explaining their own health behaviours to complement the findings of the present study. Health outcomes for individuals are the result of a complex interaction between biological factors and the social and cultural circumstances which shape people's lives. No, Is the Subject Area "Social psychology" applicable to this article? https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142323.g001. The support people involved were experts within their fields, which included education, community development, health promotion, counselling, community management, and health.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. In light of this, the necessity to maintain cultural distinctiveness may outweigh caution regarding the negative consequences of health risk behaviour. Numerous references were made to continued racism towards Indigenous people within Western Australia. The majority of the support people had lived within the community they worked with for several years, enabling them to build strong relationships with community members. The methodology was guided by previous Indigenous research, including research conducted by Indigenous researchers and undertaken on Indigenous people, [14,38,41,48] and by an advisory group comprised of 14 people, including Western Australian academics and others involved in Indigenous health, including two Indigenous community members.
It has also been identified that social networks may promote health risk behaviours such as smoking [19]. Yes The results indicated that: (1) culture, social networks, history, racism, socioeconomic disadvantage, and the psychological distress associated with some of these factors interact to affect health behaviour in a complex manner; (2) the desire to retain cultural identity and distinctiveness may have both positive and negative influence on health risk behaviour; (3) strong social connections to family and kin that is intensified by cultural obligations, appears to affirm and disrupt positive health behaviour; (4) the separation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous social connection/networks that appeared to be fostered by marginalisation and racism may influence the effect of social networks on health behaviour; and (5) communication between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people may be interrupted by distrust between the groups, which reduces the influence of some non-Indigenous sources on the health behaviour of Indigenous people. No, Is the Subject Area "Behavior" applicable to this article?
Within an Australian Indigenous context, cultural emphasis on relationships and connections indicates that the importance of this relational aspect of communication may be heightened.
Participants mentioned that the Indigenous people they supported generally had a sociable, sharing lifestyle. Respected individuals and elders acted as role models within the community, providing examples of and support for healthy behaviour. Prior research indicates that observers’/informants’ perspectives have provided valuable insight into the behavioural motivations of those they have personal or professional relationships with [14,41–44]. Regulatory Institutions Network, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. In addition, the views expressed by all participants, regardless of their status as Indigenous or non-Indigenous were in alignment, with no differences observed. In order to examine possible perceptual differences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous support people, a similar distribution of both groups (Indigenous, n = 13; non-Indigenous, n = 16) was included in the sample. (P7: non-Indigenous female, regional).
Enquiry including sociological and psychological perspectives can be facilitated by the use of conceptual frameworks/models to assist the process of analysing the data [34,35].
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