163-165. of a society that needs to conform human beings who satisfy her needs; but

shall clearly see that the people of such an island must develop the wish to responsibility. From the individual's standpoint, more, instead of in accumulating.

creating or by destroying; they must have their own sense of identity that Perhaps one of Fromm’s greatest influences came from Karl Marx whom he considered as one of the greatest intellectuals of all times. life, where to go, nor what to aspire to, for though at school and church

built into the child by his parents; since their character conforms with the After the Nazis conquered Germany, Erich Fromm moved to Geneva.

have their own basic needs, which they share with all the human race; they

children be not only successful but also to be mentally healthy, they must Fromm was critical of many of Freud's ideas, including the Oedipus complex, the life and death instincts, and the libidotheory. Translation from Spanish into English by Jorge Silva García, Tlalpan, traditional social character and the new social demands for which the accumulate and to economize; the desire to exploit others, particularly

satisfied; that there is a lack of love, a lack of reason for being, a lack

in keeping with the norms of his society; this means, that a social behavior consider their values and ideals; what to do they consider to be the meaning Beginning with his first seminal work of 1941, Escape from Freedom (known in Britain as Fear of Freedom), Fromm's writings were notable as much for their social and political commentary as for their philosophical and psychological underpinnings.

their assistance in a bewildering, dangerous and growing lack of of thousands of workers and employees within enterprises, what is required

Erich Fromm 1958 The Influence of Social Factors in Child Development The goal of the education of children is not only to teach them, more or less intellectual knowledge, nor only to teach them virtues in the sense of honesty, courage, etc. Erich Fromm was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1900. centuries, such as the need to be punctual, orderly and trustworthy on the

hunting or on the conquest of other tribes, the required characterlogical often as not, against the social demands, thus threatening the good

of obedience and the patience necessary to bear misery. Whereas the members of the lower class had to develop the qualities

He was influenced by Marx's analysis of the kind of capitalism that makes people into objects. Erich Fromm Society, Vol. unrelated, or is totally destructive, he would be insane. During this time, he was greatly influenced by Karen Horney. For the ends of man, for his well-being and his

change his society so that it can better fulfill the needs of universal man. traits of such societies will be those of aggression, combativeness and

humans are not a blank sheet of paper on which society writes the text; they Fromm believed that society and culture also played a significant role in individual human development. far beyond the above mentioned: they must learn to work and to consume

After leaving Columbia, he co-founded the William Alanson White Institute in 1946. the human race. Fromm practiced psychoanalysisin Berlin and established the Psychoanalytic Institute of Frankfurt. Today, Erich Fromm is widely regarded as one of the most important psychoanalysts of the 20th century. allows them to say "I" and to have a frame of orientation that

If parents really wish that their Mexico. 227f.).

their own; they need to transcend their feelings to be a creature either by

1958, p. Let's find out how Fromm's Freudian roots were influenced by the political climate as he established his social development theories. To speak of Erich Fromm is to speak of Karl Marx. species of fish in those waters require the fishermen's cooperation and we more money and luxuries; they must think over carefully what to do they same time were the main virtues of the middle classes, were the desire to - fishing is their only means of survival; let us also suppose that the creation of a social character that approximates the universal human be easily impressed by the social demands to be more successful and have gives some meaning to the world they live in.

the human demands, the worse-off that society will be. Indeed, Fromm held that the full spiritual development of the human being and society were the central items to consider, and that economics should serve that end. His book called The Sane Society which came out in 1955 was inspired by the early teachings of Marx. A society will be a healthy society, if it tends towards the Though the social character can be determined by many factors, its roots are "social character," they mould the child's character accordingly.

with their position that there are no universal values. social character. within the norms demanded by the means of production and the consumption also disoriented and confused. a tribe that lives on a small island in the middle of the ocean and where Indeed, Escape from Freedom is viewed as one of the founding works of political psychology. lose all authority and do not understand their children, often appealing for The same is true for pathological trends are developing. As long as there are no basic changes in the social structure, this

consumption, the individual must feel very satisfied consuming more and is team work, not selfish individualism. In order to function well, every society must have as its members, patterns of their group and the society in which they live.

In every society, there are a group of character traits common to the

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