[101] The practice is attested in epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata. From 5% on, they exercise an inordinate influence in proportion to their percentage of the population.

Marriage laws in India are dependent upon the religion of the parties in question.[108]. For example, during the Protestant Reformation, in a document referred to simply as "Der Beichtrat" (or "The Confessional Advice" ),[56] Martin Luther granted the Landgrave Philip of Hesse, who, for many years, had been living "constantly in a state of adultery and fornication",[57] a dispensation to take a second wife. Some devout Mormons did not want to end the practice and a few new plural marriages were contracted, resulting in President Joseph F. Smith issuing the more strongly-worded Second Manifesto in 1904. When politically correct, tolerant, and culturally diverse societies agree to Muslim demands for their religious privileges, some of the other components tend to creep in as well. Most notable in the rabbinic period on the issue of polygamy, though more specifically for Ashkenazi Jews, was the synod of Rabbeinu Gershom. [107], The Hindu Marriage Act was enacted in 1955 by the Indian Parliament and made polygamy illegal for everyone in India except for Muslims.

[25] Polyandry (especially fraternal polyandry) is also common among Buddhists in Bhutan, Ladakh, and other parts of the Indian subcontinent. "[135] The BT during a discussion of Levirate marriage in Yevamot 65a appears to repeat the precedent found in Exodus 21:10: "Raba said: a man may marry wives in addition to the first wife; provided only that he possesses the means to maintain them". [23]:873, An analysis by James Fenske (2012) found that child mortality and ecologically-related economic shocks had a significant association with rates of polygamy in subsaharan Africa, rather than female agricultural contributions (which are typically relatively small in the West African savanna and sahel, where polygyny rates are higher), finding that polygyny rates decrease significantly with child mortality rates. In order to be recognised as legally valid, all marriages which take place in the United Kingdom must be monogamous and must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the relevant legislation. Help us all to read and to study Your Word without preconceived notions, but rather, let scripture interpret scripture in the presence of the Holy Spirit. [117] However, the wife can set a condition, in then marriage contract, that the husband cannot marry another woman during their marriage. And yet it is not allowed; and now indeed in our times, and after the usage of Rome (nostris quidem iam temporibus ac more Romano), neither to marry in addition, so as to have more than one wife living." In 1890, following a revelation to President Wilford Woodruff, a proclamation called the Manifesto banned new plural marriages. [37] A similar form of matrilineal, de facto polyandry can be found in the institution of walking marriage among the Mosuo tribe of China. The Church's stance changed to its present policy of excommunicating members who practise polygamy or openly advocate it.

Muhammad was monogamously married to Khadija, his first wife, for 25 years, until she died.

Europe, Australia and America are included in the areas where polygamy is fully outlawed. Despite its existence, it was most usually practiced by men of higher status.

The polygyny that is allowed in the Quran is for special situations. For struggle and love belong together. Despite its prevalence in the Hebrew Bible, scholars do not believe that polygyny was commonly practiced in the biblical era because it required a significant amount of wealth. [73] The Lutheran Church in Liberia, however, does not permit polygamists who have become Christians to marry more wives after they have received the sacrament of Holy Baptism. Also anyone who assists, celebrates, or is a part to a rite, ceremony, or contract that sanctions a polygamist relationship is guilty of polygamy. About 1000 CE he called a synod which decided the following particulars: (1) prohibition of polygamy; (2) necessity of obtaining the consent of both parties to a divorce; (3) modification of the rules concerning those who became apostates under compulsion; (4) prohibition against opening correspondence addressed to another.

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