⇑, 3 The logic behind this armor is not entirely clear, and most other nations didn't armor their steering facilities particularly heavily. Beam This armoring style reflects the design philosophies behind the two ships. One of the common misconceptions about the Montana class battleships is that they were to ignore the Panama canal restrictions. The Navy's Plan For The Montana-Class "Super Battleship" Never Had a Chance by Robert Farley Follow drfarls on Twitter L Key point: The Montanas were designed to … The final design series for BB-674 began in late 1940, with a 61,000 ton ship, 890' long and with a beam of 118'. The guns, the same used to arm the Iowa-class battleships, were 66 ft (20 m) long – 50 times their 16-inch (406 mm) bore, or 50 calibers, from breechface to muzzle.

United States Navy A model of the Montana class super battleships. Although the Navy knew little about the Yamato class, some rumors regarding the new Japanese battleships placed main gun battery caliber at 18 inches (457 mm). Another big misconception about the Montana class was they were “Yamato killers”. The first production aircraft were delivered in October 1944, and by the beginning of 1945 the single-seat Curtiss SC Seahawk floatplane began replacing the Kingfisher. With only 172000 SHP, the Montana-class was 30,000 shp down over the preceding Iowa-class battleship, while being 15000 tonnes heavier then the Iowa-class. This could allow an immune zone of 18-26 kyrds against the superheavy shell, although without the new secondary guns, 12 of which would cost at least 800 tons more than 20 5"/38s.

Construction was meant to be completed around the same time that the Montana ships would come into service. 8 APC (Armor-Piercing, Capped) shell weighed in at 2,700 lb (1,200 kg), and was designed to penetrate the hardened steel armor carried by foreign battleships. What was on the table that was so much better than the Clevelands? FlagshipBattleship [N 9] Each turret would have rested within an armored barbette, but only the top of the barbette would have protruded above the main deck. But there are fascinating vessels among these last, unfinished chapters of the story of the battleship. The secondary armament for the Montana-class ships were to be twenty 5 inch mounted in ten turrets along the vessel's superstructure, five to starboard and five to port. This was the last battleship class designed for the United States Navy; the class was cancelled before any of the ships' keels were laid. The belt itself ranged from 16.1" to 10.2", with a 7.5" deck and a 2" bomb deck. When design started in 1938, the Yamato was believed to be a battleship of typical size and armament. These designs also saw another major constraint relaxed, that imposed on American battleships for the past three decades by the locks of the Panama Canal. The Montana-class ships displaced at 65,000 tons standard, and then rose to a total of 70,965 tons under deep load. The guns proved adequate for the carrier's air defense, but were gradually phased out of use by the carrier fleet because of their weight.

Five ships of the Montana class were authorized on 19 July 1940, but they were suspended indefinitely until being canceled on 21 July 1943. The initial schemes for what would eventually become the Montana class were continuations of various 1938 design studies for a 45,000-ton "slow" battleship alternative to the "fast" battleship design that would become the Iowa class. In 1936, a US received reports that Japan was building ships up to 55,000 tons. The Maine sub-class was the first ship to fully embrace the 'enlarged Iowa' mentality. These ships, the last battleships to be ordered by the US Navy, were originally to be designated BB-65 through BB-69. First series of designs were done in 1939, all were made to adhere to the 45.000 tons standard displacement limit, set by the 2nd London Treaty’s escalator clause. The barbettes would have extended either four decks (turrets 1 and 4) or five decks (turrets 2 and 3) down. ", An Oerlikon 20 mm anti-aircraft cannon aboard the battleship, Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft guns on a MK 12 quadruple mount fire from the deck of, United States naval ship classes of World War II. 8 armor-piercing shells they actually used. We use 3D printed game pieces regularly to enhance the realism of our fleet and also to use as equipment upgrade paths during the game. Type Naval Historical Foundation [2000] (2004). The Montana design didn’t have to follow weight restrictions and so reverted back to a traditional external belt where the armor was on the outside of the hull. Overall, the Montana was a vastly different warship compared to the Iowa class. [N 1]. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. With the Second World War progressing international treaties were abandoned and this opened up the political gates even for naval designers, which was exactly the case for the Montana class developers. This back up plan influenced the four turret ship decision, since an equally armored ship could have been achieved for roughly 10,000t less with a three turret design, not a minor consideration in an era when warships cost roughly the same as they displaced since their production was predominantly an ironwork activity (hence the legacy name of many shipbuilders). Warships Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Contrary to popular belief, the ships would not have moved sideways noticeably when a broadside was fired. Even if the other guy's guns happen to be identical to yours today, after 5 years of gun/ammo improvements, your armor will be heavy and insufficient for it's purpose.

well over 45.000 tons). So came the Construction and Repair division of the USN who was responsible for ship preliminary designs at that time and produced a spectrum study of  no less than 12 new designs that still bore the BB-65 designation as Congress only ordered battleships up to BB-64, and those still to the BB-61 Iowa design. Why America's Montana-Class Super Battleship Never Set Sail. Firing a heavier shell at a higher velocity, the Montana class would have enjoyed much greater anti-surface firepower than the Iowa class. Side belt: 16.1 inches tapering to 10.2 inches on 1-inch STS plate inclined 19°Lower side belt: 7.2 inches tapered to 1 inch inclined 10°Bulkheads: 18 inches fore, 15.25 inches aftBarbettes: 21.3 inches fore, 18 inches aftTurrets: up to 22.5 inchesDecks: up to 6 inches The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor delayed construction of the Montana class. You will also receive the Navy General Board Newsletter!

[51], The Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft gun was used on almost every major warship in the US and UK fleet from about 1943 to 1945. In fact, Japan did grossly violate the London Naval Treaty with the. Much like the Montanas themselves, the third-lock project was suspended when the US entered the war, and it lay dormant until 2006. [27][28] In practice, the 27-to-28-knot speed would have still been enough to escort and defend the Pacific-based Allied fast aircraft carrier task forces, although the Montanas' ability in this regard would be considerably more limited compared to the Iowas as the latter could keep up with fleet carriers at full speed.

[23] Although freed of the beam restriction from the extant Panama Canal, the length and height of the BB65 designs had to take into account one of the shipyards at which they were to be built: the New York Navy Yard slipways could not handle the construction of a ship more than 58,000 long tons (59,000 t), and vessels built there had to be low enough to clear the Brooklyn Bridge at low tide. [23][24], In July 1939, a series of 45,000-ton BB65 design schemes were evaluated, but in 1940, as a result of the outbreak of World War II and the abandonment of the naval treaties, the Battleship Design Advisory Board moved to larger designs capable of simultaneously offering increased armament and protection. The results of this advance were telling: the rangekeeper was able to track and fire at targets at a greater range and with increased accuracy, as was demonstrated in November 1942 when the battleship Washington engaged the Imperial Japanese Navy battleship Kirishima at a range of 18,500 yd (16.9 km) at night; the Washington scored at least nine heavy caliber hits that critically damaged the Kirishima and led to her loss. Louisiana would have been the third ship to bear that name had she been commissioned. The design reflects the role that they were intended for, a heavily armed and armored warship capable of taking on anything else that it might encounter. Due to this similarity, the fact that the Montana was so well protected against the Yamato’s mighty 18.1″ guns was really a happy/lucky accident. The main reason for this was logistical: the largest US shipyards were located on the East Coast of the United States, while the United States had territorial interests in both oceans. BB-65 was hoped to be the first ship built to this design at that date). Although the US Navy had limited knowledge about the Yamato-class, the new Japanese battleships were rumored to have a main gun battery of 18 inches. Reinforces the Children of A Dead Earth lesson: react…. The US Navy began designing a 65,000 ton battleship to counter the threat posed by the Imperial Japanese Navy's Yamato-class "super battleships". [71][72], Louisiana was to be the fifth and final Montana-class battleship. The new BB65-1 was a slightly modified BB-61 with extra protection but less speed (31 knots) where as BB65-2 was an enlarged BB-61 (980 feet length and 111 feet beam) keeping the 33 knots speed but gaining the heavier set of armor as well – both had 15.75″ belts and a 5.5″ deck. 2,355 (standard configuration)2,789 (flagship configuration) Panama finally decided to add an even larger set of locks, which opened in 2016. In mid-1939, with Iowa and New Jersey ordered under the FY40 budget and plans firming up for another pair in the FY41 budget, studies of a new 27-kt battleship began.

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